Dance - an Art or Sport Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dance - an Art or Sport - Term Paper Example Dancing expressions differ on whether can be used as an instrument of gesture and symbolism. As a result, some argue that they tend to be used for religious, ritual and ceremonial purposes. The expressions have differed in the way they define the cultural sequences of the body movement. The emotional expressions are also different as some explain that a person can dance without expressing emotions and that many groups do not just dance to music but rhythms in their minds. The expression does not inclusively compare dance to everyday movement, but they agree that it is repetitive (Ambrosio 58). Modern dance is a kind of theatrical dancing that is not as limited as classical ballet. In modern dance, movements express the feelings. Around the 1900s some American dancers started to rebel against the strict and confining style of Classical Ballet. Modern dance is very vivid, ever-changing and full of expression. Dancer’s like Alvin Ailey helped upgrade modern dance as we now see it. Art is basically one’s way of seeing them and expressing emotions. Because modern dance is without restriction deeper feelings and a stronger understanding is obtained. It is done easily due to this non-conforming way of dance. Urban dance or â€Å"street dance† describes any dance that has not come from formal beginnings like break dancing. This style is much improvised and can evolve without warning due to the individual. The beginnings of this style can be traced as far as West African culture. Dancing also plays an important role in culture. The rituals, dances, arts, music, and beliefs of a population are passed down from generation to generation. As previously discussed street dance is a modern take on old dance styles from older cultures. Some of the movements mimicked in modern times have come from Western Africa. Dances of celebration, acts of war, religious ceremony and been spread all over the world, but more so in the Caribbean and South American countries due to the old world slave trade. In Brazil, the African slaves that were shipped there also brought with them their culture of song and dance (Ambrosio 61).

Compare and contrast Gandhi and Plato on the issue of appearance and Essay

Compare and contrast Gandhi and Plato on the issue of appearance and reality - Essay Example pularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, and in India as the Father of the Nation was that ‘great soul’ in human form who was able to mobilize millions of people towards nonviolence through principles of nonviolence and truth; he rose to lead the Congress in 1920, during British Imperialism in India, and successfully brought an end to the British rule in India through his basic yet revolutionary principles and radical politics (Dalton, p.27). Both Plato and Gandhi, considered as highly learned super souls, possessed an ability to mobilize masses through their principles and values. Plato was the first one to differentiate between appearance and reality through his views of the world as a pale reflection of different forms as they appeared to the eye; he philosophized that the world is actually changing constantly, and all impressions, as seen, are mere forms (Gelb, 29). Plato explained his ideology of ‘world of forms,’ and their reality, through parable of prisoners in a cave; he pointed at the ‘reality’ of prisoners’ view that is restricted to their own shadows seen on the walls of the cave from the light behind them. If these prisoners are not exposed to outside world, they will tend to believe that the shadows that are visible are the forms of the world. When they are exposed to the outside world, which is the truth, they will not be able to accept it immediately and will have difficul ty in understanding and adjusting to the light and other objects of truth in the world. Through this explanation, Plato explained the relationship between knowledge and reality that is connected through wisdom. A true philosopher is the one who is in constant search of wisdom that will enable him to identify the goodness, truth, and beauty of life. Quite different in approach was Gandhi’s perception of appearance and reality, in other words conceptualization of metaphysics; were based on the issues that pervaded India for many centuries. Although Gandhi fought

Effect of Temperature on Shelf Stability of Soybean-corn Oil

Effect of Temperature on Shelf Stability of Soybean-corn Oil STUDY OF EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SHELF STABILITY OF SOYBEAN-CORN OIL BLENDS. Atul Thakkar*, Jayshree Parikh** Abstract Soybean oil because of certain advantages is cultivated on large scale in recent years in India particularly in M.P, U.P, and part of Maharashtra. Soybean oil meal is rich in protein and the oil has ready outlet in vanaspati manufacture with the possibility, that it may be utilized as edible oil. The direct use of soybean oil for deep frying purpose has certain limitation as it contains significant amount of linolenic acid i.e. about 6.8 %. These polyunsaturated acids made the soybean oil unstable even under ambient conditions. Secondly the consumers do not have liking of the fishy flavor of the oil during deep-frying. Significant improvement in shelf life and thermal stability and flavor reduction can be achieved by lowering the linolenate content of soybean oil by blending in different proportions with corn oil. Corn oil widely used as an all purpose cooking oil and margarine because of the unique flavor it attributes and because it is more stable to oxidation than linolenate containing oil such soybean oil. Corn oil has milder taste and less expensive than most other types of vegetable oils. In present study to improve the stability and yet retain fluidity the soybean oil is blended with more stable corn oil thereby reducing linolenic acid content. The thermal stability for all the blends is studied by determining their Physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition using standard methods. KEYWODS Soybean oil, corn oil, Thermal stability. INTRODUCTION Oils rich in Monosaturated fatty acid are gaining more importance these days due to their specific advantages over other oils. They are more stable towards oxidative changes over polyunsaturated fatty acid rich oils and hence prove to be better choice for frying or cooking application. Polyunsaturated fatty acid rich oils are more prone to oxidative changes, and hence promote oxidation in both food and non-food products, although important from health point of view. Thus while selecting oil or fat one has to consider both aspects that-oil should not be too much saturated and unsaturated as well. In fact as per latest guidelines of WHO/Japanese Heart Association the ideal ratio of SAFA: MUFA: PUFA should be 1:1.5:1.In order to derive maximum benefits from oil it is advised to consume a mixture of oils in order to maintain a balance between the fatty acids, and possible to keep cholesterol level in control. Now-a-days a number of blended oils are available in the market. For instance, blends of rice bran and sunflower oils. Soyabean oil is rich in protein but direct use of soybean oil has some limitation as it contains linolenic acid and it becomes unstable even under ambient conditions. To increase stability of soybean oil linolenic acid content must be reduce it can be done by changing fatty acid compositon this is possible by blending with more stable oils compare to soybean oil. In soybean oil linolenic acid is oxidized twice as quickly as linoleic acid and produces short chain aldehydes with flavor that are even stronger and less acceptable than those produced from linoleic acid, due to this odor of oil change. It can be used after one or two frying. It is the most saleable oil in india. Corn oil contains a significant amount of ubiquinone and high amounts of alpha and gamma tocopherols (vitamin E) that protect it from oxidative rancidity. It has good sensory qualities for use as salad and cooking oil. Corn oil is highly digestible and provides energy and Essential Fatty Acids (EFA). Linoleic acid is a dietary essential that is necessary for integrity of the skin, cell membranes, the immune system, and for synthesis of icosanoids. Icosanoids are necessary for reproductive, cardiovascular, renal and gastrointestinal functions and resistance to disease. Corn oil is highly effective food oil for lowering serum cholesterol. The use of corn oil to contribute to PUFA intake of 10% in the diet would be beneficial to heart health. It is rich in linoleic acid one of the three fatty acids . Corn oil beyond food and consumer product replacing petroleum in many industrial applications it is use as biofuel. Use of corn oil as a biodiesel is increases and for this purpose investment in cultivation of corn oil is increases not only in India but in Global states . It is used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic industries,paper, textiles, plastics, baked goods, candies, soups and mixes. It is also used as skin soother and softener. MATERIAL AND MEHOD Chemicals used A wide variety of chemicals were used in the experiments which are listed below. Acetic acid ,Acetone , Carbon tetrachloride,ethyl alcohol, HCl, Glacial acetic acid (All S.D.Fine Chemicals); Methanol, Chloroform, BF3-methanol solution (Qualigens); Hexane Heptane (HPLC grade, Qualigens); Wijs Solution (Merck Grade); isopropyl alcohol (China). Before using these solvents, their expiry was checked and these were stored properly. Reagens Used Sodium hydroxide Sodium thiosulphate Sodium sulphate Potassium iodide Sodium chloride,15% potassium iodide solution(15 gm of potassium iodide dissolve in 100 ml of water), potassium dichromate (All Qualigens). Before using these reagents their expiry was checked and was stored properly. Indicators Phenolphthalein (Qualigens) :-It was used by dissolving 1gm of phenolphthalein in alcohol. Starch (Qualigens):-Starch prepared by dissolving 1gm of soluble starch in 200ml distilled water and boil for few seconds. These indicators were prepared freshly as per the requirement of test. To observe proper colour changes during titration. Raw Material Soybean oil and Corn oil were purchased from market package of 1 liter. Before analysis, manufacturing and expiry date was checked properly. Before starting analysis, the colour and odor of these oils were checked. Methods Iodine value Iodine value is a measure of the degree of unsaturation in oil. It is constant for particular oil or fat. Iodine value is useful parameter in studying oxidative rancidity of oils since higher the unsaturation the greater the possibility of the oils to go rancid. This is the most important test to determine stability of oils. Peroxide value Rancidity is brought about by the action of air on the oil which is oxidative rancidity, where in, the fat takes up oxygen with the formation of peroxides. Peroxide value is the peroxide content in the oil.Procedure for determination for Peroxide value test was used from AOCS method. Free fatty acid value Free fatty acids are usually presents in oils along with the triglycerides. It increases during storage. It is keeping quality of oil; therefore the free fatty acid content generally increases on storage. This is most important test to find out quality of oils. This test performed according to the AOCS method. Fatty acid composition To find out fatty acid composition of oils gas chromatographic method is used because fatty acid evaluated in GC only it give prominent result. In this method oils first has to convert into methyl esters and then injected into the GC. Prepared sample seal in dry GC vial and kept in refrigerator before injection. Test performs as per the method of AOCS. The five major fatty acids in soybean oil are palmitate, stearate, oleate, linolenate, and linoleate. The fatty acids differ in the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms they contains, which causes differences in the nutritional value of each and their influence on the characteristics of food products. It show change in percentages when blend with other oils. All these tests were performed simultaneously. This study was followed by Thermal stability. In thermal stability study the sample was kept in oven which was set at 60oC. This stability analysis has been done continuously for seven days. For the thermal stability blends were prepared in the proportions given as in table 1. Pure oils were taken as reference. 250ml of sample taken in the 500 ml beakers, it was labeled properly. The beakers were not closed. Then the beakers placed in the preheated oven at 60oC for 6 hr. Then the samples were taken out, cooled at room temperature and analyzed for iodine value, free fatty acid content and peroxide value using AOCS methods. Then the samples were allowed to remain overnight at room temperature in a closed shelf. Next day the samples were again kept inside preheated oven for 6hr. followed by testing as above. Thermal stability testing was done continuously for seven days i.e.in all for 42 hours. Table 1: Ratio of blends and symbols used Table 2: Thermal stability: Iodine value. Table 3: Thermal stability: free fatty acid content. Table 4: Thermal stability: Peroxide value. Table 5: Results of Fatty acid composition (at 60Â °C for 42 hours) RESULT AND DISCUSSION The characteristics and fatty acid composition of oils used in the study are given in tables (from Table 2 to 5). All the oils were used fresh. During the storage studies at room temperature a small but steady rise in free fatty acid content and peroxide value and fall in iodine value was observed in all blends. In Shelf Stability (at room temperature) upto our 42 hours study Iodine value for pure soybean oil is ranging from (134.1 to 129.5), and Soybean oil,Corn oil composition ranging from (127.2 to 120.8), (120.7 to 115.8), (115.3 to 112.9), (108.1 to 104.9), (101.8 to 93.5) for pure corn oil (95.6 to 89.4). (Table 02, Figure 01). All these values indicate decrease in values of blends at high range compared to the pure oils. Decrease in iodine value may be due to the polymerization. Peroxide values in Shelf Stability (at room temperature) upto our 42 hours study for pure soybean oil is ranging from (3.1 to 7.2), and Soybean oil ,Corn oil composition Peroxide value ranging from (2.1 to 7.0), (1.9 to 6.9), (1.2 to 7.2), (0.9 to 7.5), (0.6 to 7.8) for pure corn oil (0.3 to 6.5) (Table 04, Figure 02). Free fatty acid content in Shelf Stability (at room temperature) upto our 42 hours study for pure soybean oil is ranging from (0.14 to 0.30), and Soybean oil ,Corn oil composition Free fatty acid value ranging from (0.15 to 0.34), (0.17 to 0.31), (0.18 to 0.30), (0.20 to 0.31), (0.21 to 0.32) for pure corn oil (0.25 to 0.33) (Table 03, Figure 03). The changes in these values may be due to oxidation which increases the free fatty acid content and peroxide value whereas decreases iodine value through marginally. The increase in peroxide value in the blend of soybean oil as the concentration of other oil increases indicates the increasing oxidative stability of blend as c ompare to other oil. The rate of decrease in peroxide value for soybean oil (Table 3) is very high as compared with corn oil.. This may be due to the presence of significant amount of linolenic acid in soybean oil, which is prone to oxidation. The rate of oxidation of all blends is slow as compared with pure soybean oil. When corn oil was blended with Soybean oil iodine value of soybean oil decreases and progressive changes observed in the peroxide value that is oxidative stability of Soybean oil increases. Corn oil has better shelf life than the soybean oil, Hence when soybean oil is blended with corn oil there is an increase in shelf life stability of soybean oil. Thus the present study of three blends certainly help to improve shelf life of soybean oil as compared to pure soybean oil. Fatty acid composition in Shelf Stability (at room temperature) linolenic acid content for pure soybean oil is (6.6), and Soybean oil ,Corn oil composition linolenic acid content (5.6), (5.3), (4.9), (3.5), (2.9) and for pure corn oil (0.7) (Table 5)..After 42 hours value of free Fatty acids are changed. It is indicated that, when soybean oil blended with corn oil there is decrease in value of linolenic acid content. After 42 hours also linolenic acid content show decrease comparing to initial stage of blending. The blend of Soybean oil with the corn oil shows good stability. Figure 1 : Graphical Represents of Iodine value of blends. Figure 2 : Graphical Represents of peroxide value of blends. Figure 3 : Graphical Represents of FFA value of blends. REFERENCES Saska, M., and Rossiter, G. J., J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 68:436-439 (1991). Handoo, S. K., Gupta, Sanjoy., and Agarwal, T. N., J Oil Tech. Assoc. of India. 24:83 (1992). Handoo, S. K., Bagga, K. K. and Sharma, K. P. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 26: 91 (1994). Young,C., in Balley’s industrial Oil and Fat products,5th edition, Interscience publication,2, .339. (1996). Bhattacharya, D. K.., J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 77:1683-1686 (1998). McCaskill, D. R., and Zhang, F. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 53:50-54 (1999). Chopra, Rainy., and Nagraj, G., J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 36:21 (2004). Oil Technology Association of India., (Source: SEA News Circular), 8,(2006). Choe, Eunok.,, David., B., Comprehensive review in Food Science and Food Safety.2, (2006) Choe, E., D., Min. B., Journal of Food Science.. 72, R77–R86, (2007). Basturk, Ayhan.., Javidipour, Issa., and Boyaci, Ismail, H., Journal of Food Lipids 14, 170–188, (2007). 12. Ryan, Liliana, C., et al., International Journal of Food Science Technology, 43, 193–199, (2008). Francisca, Manzanarez-LÃ ³pez., et.al., Journal of Food Engineering. 104, 508–517, (2011). Fawzy, Mohamed., Mohamed Khaled, Wahdan. M., Food Chemistry, Volume 132, 873-879, (2012). Teresa, Maria., Simon, A., Haughey, Christopher., Elliott, T., Anastasios Koidis, Food Research International.10,1016, (2013).

Tyrannosaurus Rex Was a Slow Runner Essay -- Exploratory Essays Resear

Tyrannosaurus Rex Was a Slow Runner Ever since we were young we have been fascinated by the dinosaurs. We have played with dinosaurs as children, watched documentaries as adults with interest, and watching movies with enjoyment. No dinosaur from the past strikes more fear in the present day to the average person then that of Tyrannosaurus Rex. For decades children have played with dinosaurs and had T-Rex dominating other dinosaurs by chasing them down and destroying them. We have seen it time and time again in movies. In Jurassic Park we saw T-Rex terrorize humans, cars, and other dinosaurs. We have even dreamt about it, but if a recent study is correct we are false in our fears. The article Tyrannosaurus Rex was a Slowpoke by John Roach relieves us of our fears when it states that, â€Å"the Cretaceous landscape was filled with large, lumbering creatures that any human with a fast car or bike or maybe even a quick sprint could outpace† (Roach). He tells us that T-Rex, â€Å"did not have the leg strength to run very fast, if at all, according to a computer model developed by two experts in the mechanical movements of living creatures,† and, â€Å"bring the discipline of biomechanics to the long and at times contentious debate over just how fast the largest of the largest creatures ever to roam Earth could run.† In an article entitled Tyrannosaurus was not a fast runner, those experts, John R. Hutchison and Mariano Garcia provide us with a detailed account of a recent study they did. Their study is described in an article entitled Biomechanics: Walking with tyrannosaurs by Andrew A. Biewener. Biewener states that Hutchinson and Garcia, â€Å"introduce a new biomechanical approach,† to the question of dinosaur movement and provide an, â€Å"a... ...n. In conclusion, the recent study published by John R. Hutchinson and Mariano Garcia entitled Tyrannosaurus was not a fast runner, if it is true, has shattered what we have come to understand about Tyrannosaurus Rex. T-Rex was not a fast runner as popular movies have suggested, because it didn’t have the amount of extensor muscle needed to support itself for such activities. Maybe, sometime, another study will come along that counteracts this new study, but until then it appears that we have been wrong about T-Rex. Works Cited Biewener, Andrew A. â€Å"Biomechanics: Walking with Tyrannosaurs.† Nature 28 Feb 2002: 971-973 Hutchinson, John R., Garcia, Mariano â€Å"Tyrannosaurus was not a fast runner.† Nature 28 Feb 2002: 1018-1021 Roach, John â€Å"Tyrannosaurus Rex was a Slowpoke.† National Geographic News. 27 Feb. 2002.

Bureaucracy and American Character, the Spirit of Public Service And the Vision of the Common Good

Bureaucracy is a set of laid-out laws and principles that have been set to govern a group of people, usually members of public, public servants and all involved in any activities of impact to the general public. The healthcare sector is perceived as a very important part of the society as all its functionalities are aimed at the betterment and welfare of the whole society. Many rules and regulations have hence been laid down to govern its operations, as well as ensure quality services are offered to the public at the highest level of professionalism and observance of morality and dignity.Therefore, there are limiting factors that do not allow those in healthcare professionalism to operate in just any way they wish. Instead, they have to follow bureaucracy and ensure the offer only the best services and offer an equal chance of being served to all who need the services as dictated by the government and healthcare departments as well as the international authorities. There are differen t aspects of characters and behaviors that collectively form what is referred to as the American character.Everyone is supposed to possess some basic principles and character in all they do. They are supposed to portray humanity, respect to life, respect other people’s rights and act in a manner that encourages and boosts unity, peace, good living conditions and all the values of the government. Every American citizen in the medical field is more strictly expected to portray this American character in their operations at all times. A lot of emphasis is hence put on such practitioners and it’s a common expectation for them to possess the character.They are hence expected to deal with everyone in need of their services leniently and be non-partisan by avoiding favoritism, nepotism and avoid traditions that undermine a given section of the public. They are expected to offer their services to everyone at equal chances except in special conditions like emergencies portray a lot of professionalism and follow the set out rules for their profession irrespective of the pressure from other parties, especially from clients.Every person in the medical field is expected to demonstrate the spirit of public service irrespective of their level of practice or their immediate employer, whether a government public servant or a private practitioner in the medical field. Unlike in many other fields, in this field a person deals directly with human beings and factors that eradicate human suffering as well as preserving life.Any activity carried out in this field determine in a great deal how much suffering is reduced from a client and in very many cases, whether a client’s life is extended or lost. There is therefore a need for everyone in this field to ensure they practice with a broader objective of service to the public, and avoid a focus profit-making and any other returns as a basis for their practice. Anyone with the spirit of public service will be willi ng to help irrespective of the availability of finances or rewards, but as per the need at hand.One realizes that there is a greater reward in terms of satisfaction as well as more benefits when the focus is on public service instead of self-gain. The vision of common good is another important aspect expected of anyone in any profession in the country, especially in the medical field. In a nutshell, the medical field seeks to ensure good health, reduce pain and suffering and generally ensure the well being of its clients, who are the general public. Therefore, there is a need to reach out to the general public and ensure its overall welfare.There is hence a need for everyone in the medical practice, at whichever level, to have a vision of the common good in which one will ensure that they do not target individuals but the whole society in ensuring better healthcare and equitable access to healthcare facilities. In this way, there are more benefits for both the practitioners and the society, and healthcare improves and develops rapidly in the country. The Dilemma There was a dilemma that was noted in one of my placements with one of the private hospitals for my profession practice.I was working under the senior doctor in the hospital as one of his assisting nurses. After a few weeks of working with him, he grew very fond of me and shared with me most of the challenges he faced as a private medical practitioner. Most people with questionable needs seeking medical attention and avoiding the attention of the government and anyone required to know the needs usually turned to the private hospitals and offered better payments for their services.Since most of the private hospitals were set up with an aim of making profits, most fell to the trap of allowing activities that were considered wrong and even against the law, provided they ensured secrecy of the practices and got better financial gains from such activities. On one of the days in my placement in the private h ospital, the senior doctor summoned me to his office where I found a young lady seated there. The lady has come to seek the services of the doctor but the doctor thought the situation of her problem too sensitive and requested for my advice.The lady was from a well-known influential family and had been involved in a secret affair with one of the public figures in the state. After a long time of the affair, the wife of the man started suspecting what was going on and tried following on the lady as well as threatening the man with suing for a divorce if she ever got any substantial information. Unfortunately, one day the lady realized she had gotten pregnant and was carrying the man’s child. They hadn’t planned for anything more that just an affair.Once she broke the news to the man, he got so scared and thought this would blow everything up and expose him to his wife, giving her a reason for a divorce suit that would make him lose a lot of his wealth. Hence, the man req uested the lady to seek for a way to carry out an abortion and do away with the pregnancy and avoid any complications that the pregnancy would lead to. He offered to spend any amount of money for the activity. On the other hand, the lady was scared that the pregnancy would make her lose her profession as she was a well-known singer and was also in the modeling industry.Her clients would lose respect for her if they realized she got pregnant, especially out of wedlock and with a married man. She hence had welcomed the idea of an abortion and hence the reason she was in the hospital. The doctor had explained to me that he had carried out a few abortions, but a allowed by the law. The law gave a provision for abortions to be carried out by a professional medical doctor if the mother’s life was in danger. However, any other form of abortion was regarded as illegal.Therefore, the reasons the lady presented for the abortion were not genuine and would only lead to an illegal activit y. Though the doctor would receive a high pay for the activity, it was surely against the law, against humanity and also against the Christian faith, which we both professed. On the other side, we realized that just rejecting the offer wouldn’t solve the problem as the client would just seek for the services elsewhere and still carry on with the abortion. Application of the Expected Reaction I had to have a talk with the doctor, as we sought a way forward for over coming the dilemma.Though the client knew very well what she was doing was wrong, she insisted on carrying on with an abortion just to avoid any negative consequences she would face. She offered good terms of payments and this would have tempted the doctor into the activity. However, there were some values that barred the doctor from accepting the offer. According to bureaucracy, there was a need to follow the laws set out for the conduct of medical practitioners. A doctor or nurse was not allowed to succumb to pres sure from a client and act against the laws and expectations of his profession.The law also forbids doctors from accepting the offer from the client as committing an abortion in the given situations wasn’t legal. There was hence a need to reject the offer by the client and avoid carrying out an illegal activity. Although most Americans like referring to abortion as legal, one of the major American statutes is respect and protection of life. Since scientists and medical researchers have proven with no doubt that life starts at conception, there is a need to avoid carrying out abortion unless it is confirmed that the mother’s life is at risk.Therefore, there was a need to portray the American character of humanity, respect to life and be reasonable in dealing with the dilemma. The refore, there was no other option apart from rejecting the client’s offer. In the spirit of public service, the doctor realized he had previously rejected a few other offers for carrying out abortions with no good reasons. He hence realized he couldn’t treat this case as a special one just because those involved were wealthy and influential. He opted to treat all equally and hence rejected the offer.With a vision of common good, the doctor realized that he had a social responsibility of preserving life instead of terminating it. He hence had to take the option that would have more benefits not just to the client and the man in question, but to the society as a whole. Preservation of life was hence a better option in this aspect and hence the doctor could not accept the offer. Resolution of the Problem We had to seek for a better way of addressing the dilemma and resolving it. It was clear the doctor wasn’t supposed to accept the offer.On the other hand, just rejecting the offer would resolve the dilemma since the client would seek the services of another doctor. There was hence a need to talk to the client and let her have our perspective in looking a t the situation. After talking to the clients on the implication of an abortion in terms of her own health, humanity and ethics as well as moral values, she was willing to stop an abortion, but on condition that we offered a way out of the problems she was afraid of. We therefore looked at all the available options and finally landed on one of allowing the client to give birth and then give the child up for adoption.We were able to contact an organization from another state that would give the chance to keep her pregnancy secret as she required it to be and then take the child for adoption. The client hence consulted the man and got enough funds from him and then moved to the other state where she stayed till she got the baby and after recovering, she came back and continued with her profession. The client was later very grateful as she realized she had done a noble thing rather than committing an abortion and terminating life. We were also happy to realized we had followed the valu es of our profession in resolving the dilemma.

A Glance At To Kill A Mockingbird English Literature Essay

Artlessness is a characteristic easy thrown off and replaced by society ‘s evilness. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, artlessness has been ignored and replaced in many ways. Mockingbirds are guiltless and do music, but when you kill them the music stops, such as Boo Radley is misunderstood, Scout was attacked, being exposed to evil every bit good as forced to turn up, and Tom Robinson being stereotyped taking him into persecution. Boo Radley is like a mocker because he is misunderstood and everyone seems to assail him when in fact he is really a human being, merely making out for person, Scout was exposed to the immorality of world which had forced her to turn up faster to oppugn the society. Another mocker would Tom Robinson once more guiltless, but due to stereotypes, he ended up acquiring persecuted by the racist jury ‘s determination. Lookout is a mocking bird in its purest signifier ; she ne'er meaningfully hurts anyone, and she is an guiltless, five twelvemonth old miss who has no experience with the immoralities of the universe. Scout ‘s artlessness was taken off from her by Miss. Caroline invariably picking on her for cognizing how to read, doing her intelligence seem like a bad thing to cognize for her age. Her artlessness is best described when Miss. Caroline says â€Å" Your male parent does non cognize how to learn. You can hold a place now. † â€Å" I mumbled that I was regretful and retired chew overing upon my offense. † ( page 5 ) This demonstrates that although the offense accused of was non a big one, she was still excusatory towards Miss. Caroline, alternatively of speaking back in any contemptuous mode. Scout learns easy throughout the novel, the faces of the universe. Through those faces she is forced to associate Atticus ‘ instructions to the universe of Maycomb, includi ng her illustrations of Boo as individual. In the terminal Scout realizes, that Boo is one of the Mockingbirds that Atticus would speak about, where she says â€Å" when they eventually saw him, why he had n't done any of those thingsA †¦ Atticus, he was existent nice, † to which he responds, â€Å" Most people are, Scout, when you eventually see them. † ( page 281 ) With the consistence of Scout acquiring in problem by many people of Maycomb, Scout is forced to turn up after confronting important faces by Tom Robinson ‘s test, and the image of Boo turning out to be false. Maycomb society finds it hard to accept people that are different by certain characteristics or outlook even. Tom Robinson was guiltless, but was easy stereotyped because of the coloring material of his tegument. â€Å" Typical of a nigga ‘s outlook to hold a program, no idea for the farther, merely run blind first opportunity he saw † ( pg.265 ) . In this quotation mark by â€Å" typical † Lee means that all black people have a lower intelligence degree so white people. Stereotypes and racism can besides take the darkness in people ‘s bosom out, which causes them to disregard artlessness. Atticus stated â€Å" a topographic point where a adult male ought to acquire a square trade is in a courtroom, be he any coloring material of the rainbow. Peoples have a manner or transporting their bitternesss right into a jury box ( pg. 220 ) . † This means that even the tribunal ‘s justness system can besides be influenced by favoritism and society regulat ions. Tom Robinson was targeted like a mocker does for singing. His artlessness was darkened out and his tegument tone was brought out as a ground for him to be guilty. Tom was persecuted because Maycomb County believed that no black adult male could be right. The society discriminates anything that does non follow their regulations. Mockingbirds are guiltless and do music, but when you kill them the music stops, such as Boo Radley is misunderstood, Scout was attacked, being exposed to evil every bit good as forced to turn up, and Tom Robinson being stereotyped taking him into persecution. Therefore, it is a wickedness to kill a mocker when its artlessness, exposure and the pureness is replaced by silence.